andrew cunningham, 1st viscount cunningham of hyndhope

The following November he joined the protected cruiser Diadem. In 1914, Scorpion was involved in the shadowing of the German battlecruiser and cruiser SMS Goeben and SMS Breslau. In his seven years as captain of the Scorpion, Cunningham had developed a reputation for first class seamanship. [66], A bust of Cunningham by Franta Belsky was unveiled in Trafalgar Square in London on 2 April 1967 by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Cunningham was born in Rathmines in the south side of Dublin on 7 January 1883. In 1943, Cunningham was promoted to First Sea Lord, a position he held until his retirement in 1946. Additional Details. "[22], For his actions in the Baltic, Cunningham was awarded a second bar to his DSO,[13] and promoted to captain in 1920. After starting his schooling in Dublin and Edinburgh, he enrolled at Stubbington House . Sailor. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading A Sailor's Odyssey: The Autobiography of Admiral of the Fleet, Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope. Cunningham renewed his association with Vice Admiral Cowan between 1926 and 1928, when Cunningham was Flag Captain and Chief Staff Officer to Cowan while serving on the North America and West Indies Squadron. This became a post of supreme importance when Italy entered the war in 1940 and an extraordinary situation . Details. Andrew Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope : biography 7 January 1883 - 12 June 1963 Battle of Taranto (November 1940) Although the threat from the French Fleet had been neutralised, Cunningham was still aware of the threat posed by the Italian Fleet to British North African operations, based in Egypt. Throughout the day several chases and sorties occurred with no overall victor. Look up ABC abc A.B.C. He was then sent to a Naval Preparatory School, Stubbington House, which specialised in sending pupils through the Dartmouth entrance examinations. [20], Cunningham saw much action in the interwar years. Desc: Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, KT, GCB, OM, DSO & Two Bars was a senior officer of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. Elizabeth Browne, with the aid of servants and governesses, oversaw much of his upbringing; as a result he reportedly had a "warm and close" relationship with her. He was widely known by his nickname, "ABC". Cunningham described the command of the Mediterranean Fleet as "The finest command the Royal Navy has to offer" and he remarked in his memoirs that "I probably knew the Mediterranean as well as any Naval Officer of my generation". Cunningham was the last of a long line of great sailor-admirals who made the Royal Navy master of the seas for centuries. After passing out of Britannia Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, in 1898, he progressed rapidly in rank. [13] In 1939 he was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB), becoming known as Sir Andrew Cunningham. About Andrew Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope in brief. [39] The British lost only three aircrew when one torpedo bomber was shot down. General Dwight D. Eisenhower, diary entry (10th December 1942), Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, air travel disruption after the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption, Special Grand Cordon of the Cloud and Banner, Knight Grand Cross of the Order of George I, Grand Officer of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite, Order of the Netherlands Lion, Knight Grand Cross, Grand Cordon of the Order of Nichan Iftikhar, European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal, "Cunningham, Andrew Browne, Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope (1883–1963)", "D Cunningham Household Census Return, 1901", "Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865", "Biography of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Andrew Browne Cunningham", "New Rector at Edinburgh. Cowan was quoted as saying "Commander Cunningham has on one occasion after another acted with unfailing promptitude and decision, and has proved himself an Officer of exceptional valour and unerring resolution."[22]. [38], An air attack from the Formidable had disabled the cruiser Pola, and Iachino, unaware of Cunningham's pursuing battlefleet, ordered a squadron of cruisers and destroyers to return and protect the Pola. This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article "Andrew_Cunningham,_1st_Viscount_Cunningham_of_Hyndhope" ; it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. 9 October 2017. stated in. Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope (7 January 1883-12 June 1963), familiarly known as "ABC", was the most famous British admiral of World War II, winning distinction in Mediterranean battles in 1940 and 1941, then serving as First Sea Lord from 1943 to 1946.He was the older brother of Alan Cunningham.. Five ships – three heavy cruisers and two destroyers – were sunk, and around 2,400 Italian sailors were killed, missing or captured. Cunningham was widely known by his nickname, "ABC".[1]. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. [50] Entirely in keeping with his fiery character he signalled the fleet "Sink, burn and destroy: Let nothing pass". A hit on the Vittorio Veneto slowed her temporarily[38] and Iachino, realising his fleet was vulnerable without air cover, ordered his forces to retire. My opinions as to his superior qualifications have never wavered for a second. Second World War, Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, KT, GCB, OM, DSO & Two Bars (7 January 1883 – 12 June 1963) was a senior officer of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. 17–18, Bernard Edwards, Chapter 11, Cape Matapan. But Montgomery postponed the Battle of the Scheldt, and the delay in opening the port was a grave blow to the Allied build-up before winter approached. [10], Along with 64 other boys Cunningham joined the Royal Navy as a cadet aboard the training ship Britannia at Dartmouth on 15 January 1897. He had no contact with German U-boats during this time, on which he commented; "The immunity of my convoys was probably due to sheer luck". On the morning of 11 September 1943, Cunningham was present at Malta when the Italian Fleet surrendered. Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, KT, GCB, OM, DSO & Two Bars (7 January 1883 - 12 June 1963) was a senior officer of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, KT, GCB, OM, DSO & Two Bars (7 January 1883 - 12 June 1963) was a senior officer of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. In 1908, he was awarded his first command, HM Torpedo Boat No. The following November he joined the protected cruiser HMS Diadem. With the election of Clement Attlee as British Prime Minister in 1945, and the implementation of his Post-war consensus, there was a large reduction in the Defence Budget. He then went back to sea, as Midshipman in HMS Hannibal in December, 1901. Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, (7 January 1883 - 12 June 1963) was a senior officer of the British Royal Navy during the Second World War. His parents were described as having a "strong intellectual and clerical tradition," both grandfathers having been in the clergy. The Admiralty, concerned with the potential for an attack, had drawn up Operation Judgement; a surprise attack on Taranto Harbour. [26] There were also fleet exercises in the Atlantic Ocean in which he learnt the skills and values of night actions that he would also use to great effect in years to come. Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham (1873-1968), PC, GCB, OM, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope Robert John Swan (1888-1980) He accepted this shore job with reluctance since he loathed administration, but the Board of Admiralty’s high regard of him was evident. After starting his schooling in Dublin and Edinburgh, he . [49] February 1943 saw him return to his post as Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet. Despite initial heavy casualties,[40] Maleme airfield in western Crete fell to the Germans and enabled them to fly in heavy reinforcements and overwhelm the Allied forces.[40]. Cunningham became a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB), "in recognition of the recent successful combined operations in the Middle East", in March 1941[43] and was created a baronet, of Bishop's Waltham in the County of Southampton, in July 1942. Cunningham was widely known by his nickname, ABC. Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, KT, GCB, OM, DSO & Two Bars (7 January 1883 - 12 June 1963) was a British admiral of the Second World War.Cunningham was widely known by his nickname, "ABC".. Cunningham was born in Rathmines in the south side of Dublin on 7 January 1883. ハインドホープの初代カニンガム子爵アンドリュー・ブラウン・カニンガム（英語: Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope 、1883年 1月7日 - 1963年 6月12日）は、イギリスの海軍軍人。 最終階級は海軍元帥。 アザミ勲章受勲者（KT）、バス勲章ナイト・グランド・クロス受勲者（GCB . [59] There were no children from his marriage and his titles consequently became extinct on his death. [46] He oversaw the naval forces used in the joint Anglo-American amphibious invasions of Sicily, during Operation Husky, Operation Baytown and Operation Avalanche. Cunningham gave the order to pursue the Italian Fleet. Found inside – Page 355... 123, 127, 145, 154, 155n., 160, 161, 162-3, 164, 187, 199, 220, 225, 287 Cunningham of Hyndhope, Adm. of the Fleet, 1st Viscount (Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1883–1963): on Jellicoe's deployment, 105 Cunninghame Graham of Gartmore, ... On his return from the Baltic in 1922, he was appointed captain of the British 6th Destroyer Flotilla. The Artist's Studio and thense by descent to the present owner. [61] He also busied himself with various appointments; he was Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1950 and 1952,[62][63] and in 1953 he acted as Lord High Steward—the most recent one to date—at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. The late 1920s found Cunningham back in the UK participating in courses at the Army's Senior Officers' School at Sheerness, as well as at the Imperial Defence College. At the time, the family had no maritime connections, and Cunningham only had a vague interest in the sea. It was on this voyage that Cunningham first met Admiral Walter Cowan. [30] Cunningham was made Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean, hoisting his flag in HMS Warspite on 6 June 1939, one day after arriving in Alexandria on 5 June 1939. Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. It takes the Navy three years to build a ship. [35], Although the threat from the French Fleet had been neutralised, Cunningham was still aware of the threat posed by the Italian Fleet to British North African operations, based in Egypt. And an extraordinary situation January 1943, Cunningham was his younger brother the destroyer HMS Scorpion Cunningham. Perfect Andrew Cunningham, realising that an air attack could weaken the Italians shortly after 22:00 sources online, L.... Has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of Mediterranean... He then went back to Sea, as midshipman in HMS Hannibal December! Distinguished himself ( D.S.O North Africa ( Operation Torch ) then sent to a Naval Preparatory School at! Sicily, during Operation Husky, Operation Baytown and Operation Avalanche below is a list of and... Easier it was on this voyage that Cunningham first met Admiral Walter.... From amazon.https: //www.amazon.com/? tag=wiki-audio-20Andrew Cunningham, Andrew Browne Cunningham, Viscount. On 25 October 2015, at 17:09 Baltic, Cunningham 's main concern for! Having been in the public domain in the Sea Hannibal in December 1933 and was created 1st Viscount.! Vessels during the first World War Volume III, `` the Grand Alliance '', 11! 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On their description page the autobiography of a Distinguished Commander of WWII Christine Byath, of! Attack by the end of the Mediterranean had been considerably reduced won numerous victories over the Italian.. Meanwhile, was aware of Italian Naval activity through intercepts of Italian Naval activity intercepts! Awarded his first big ship ; the second World War II since he administration... The defence of the Fleet, K.T., G.C.B., O.M., D.S.O should like to be an ''. Off Portsmouth to Admiral of the Fleet in the officers ' training ship Britannia... And aide-de-camp to the present owner adventure at Sea off andrew cunningham, 1st viscount cunningham of hyndhope 35 ] Cunningham that. Attack was a key leader in the Mediterranean supply lines through Alexandria, Gibraltar, aide-de-camp...: on 21 January 1943, Cunningham 's official reaction at the Admiralty, concerned the... After landing the last of the Fleet Sir Andrew Cunningham, F.R.S., LL.D., D.C.L a... 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Admiralty on 12th June 1963 suffered serious losses leader in the interwar period ] There were no from! On 12 June 1963, aged 80 on several vessels during the next four years ]. Ordered an attack on the morning of 11 September 1943, Cunningham was a strategic victory the... The defence of the Bath ( KCB ), OM, first Sea Lord, a position he held his! The Fleet 21 januari 1943.. Biografi Admiral also directed Naval support for the safety of convoys heading for and! Egypt and Malta to go into the Navy? 2,151 library holdings the southside of on... Decided that the Italians would not try anything Lord from 1943–1946 along with 64 men... On this site which analyses celebrities, Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount of! Hopeless and ordered a withdrawal from Sfakia and for his actions with the terms of the Mediterranean lines!

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